primary antibodies against ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent kinase ii-δ  (GeneTex)

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Chronic Partial Sleep Deprivation Increased the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation by Promoting Pulmonary Vein and Atrial Arrhythmogenesis in a Rodent Model

doi: 10.3390/ijms25147619

Figure Lengend Snippet: Histological and Western blot analyses were performed on the atrial appendages of both left atriums (LAs) and right atriums (RAs) in both control and SD rats. ( A ) Masson staining of the atrial appendages in the LAs and RAs of both the control and SD groups highlighted a significant increase in fibrosis and collagen deposition in the SD LAs and RAs when compared to the corresponding structures in the control group. ( B ) Expression and phosphorylation levels of calcium-handling proteins, upstream kinases, and β1-adrenoceptor (β1-AR) in the control and SD LAs. ( C ) Expression and phosphorylation levels of calcium-handling proteins, upstream kinases, and β1-AR in the control and SD RAs. The expression level of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) was significantly reduced in the LAs of SD rats in comparison to those of control rats. β1-AR, beta-1 adrenoceptor; CaMKII, Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent kinase II-δ; pCaMKII, phosphorylated CaMKII at Thr286; NCX, Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger; Cav1.2, Cav1.2 L-type calcium channel; RyR2, ryanodine receptor type 2; pRyR S2808, phosphorylated RyR2 at Ser2808.

Article Snippet: All blots were probed with primary antibodies against a beta-1 adrenergic receptor (β1-AR, #PA1-049, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2, #SC-562, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent kinase II-δ (CaMKII-δ, #GTX111401, GeneTex, Irvine, CA, USA), phosphorylated CaMKII at Thr 286 (pCaMKII, #ab32678, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2, #MA3-916, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), phosphorylated RyR2 at Ser 2808 (pRyR S2808, #A010-30AP, Badrilla, Leeds, UK), catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKAc, #610981, BD Transduction Laboratories, San Jose, CA, USA), Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger (NCX, #R3F1, Swant, Burgdorf, Switzerland), Cav1.2 L-type calcium channel (Cav1.2, #ACC-003, Alomone Lab, Jerusalem, Israel), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GADPH, #M171-7, MBL, Nagoya, Japan).

Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Staining, Expressing, Phospho-proteomics, Comparison